diff --git a/include/apply.s b/include/apply.s
index 7c5d366..a8d6768 100644
--- a/include/apply.s
+++ b/include/apply.s
@@ -1,71 +1,12 @@
 
 .include "include/data.s"
 
-#TODO apply1 seems obsolete by generic apply
-
-# | fun | arg | -> cont
-.thunkcode apply1
-	needs_alloc $050
-	thunkto %rsi, $apply1_fini, $3, 030(%rbp), %rbp, %rsi
-	enter 020(%rbp) # evaluate fun
-
-# fun -> | arg | ret | cont |
-.thunkcode apply1_fini
-	# we now know that fun points to a FUN with at least one arg missing.
-	# we're certainly going to copy a lot of args.
-	mov 020(%rsi), %r11 # amount of args applied now
-
-	# prepare enough memory for the worst case alloc (make FUN from arg count + 3)
-	lea 030(,%r11,010), %r12
-	needs_alloc %r12
-
-	# the copying code is shared so let's do that first:
-	pushq 020(%rbp) #push the new arg
-	lea 030(%rsi), %rdx # the end (first arg)
-	lea (%rdx, %r11, 010), %rbx # address behind the last arg
-
-	cmp %rdx, %rbx
-	jbe apply1_fini_cont
-apply1_fini_copy:
-	sub $010, %rbx # iterate down
-	pushq (%rbx) # push what we have
-	cmp %rdx, %rbx # check if we are at the end
-	ja apply1_fini_copy # if not, continue
-apply1_fini_cont:
-	add $1, %r11
-	pushq %r11 # new number of args of fun/thunk
-	pushq 010(%rsi) # thunk code pointer
-
-	# copying of all args and their thunky header is now done, let's find
-	# out how we need to finish it.
-
-	mov (%rsi), %rdi # infotable for the original fun
-	mov -010(%rdi), %r12 # amount of args required to make the thunk
-	cmp %r11, %r12
-	ja apply1_fini_feed # not enough args, just make a bigger FUN
-
-	# if there was enough args, we simply have a thunk that we want to
-	# continue evaluating, so let's jump to it.
-	mov 030(%rbp), %rdi # load the original thunk
-	mov %rsp, 010(%rdi) # set indirect to the new thunk
-	movq $IND_code, 0(%rdi)
-	mov 040(%rbp), %rsi # set continuation to the original continuation
-	enter %rsp # evaluate the new thunk
-
-apply1_fini_feed:
-	# if there were not enough args, we push the function info and return
-	pushq (%rsi) # copy the function infoptr
-
-	mov 030(%rbp), %rdi # load the original thunk
-	mov %rsp, 010(%rdi) # set the indirect to the new FUN
-	movq $IND_code, 0(%rdi)
-	mov %rsp, %rsi # return the new FUN
-	enter 040(%rbp) # jump to the continuation
-
 # | fun | arg[1] | arg[2] | ... | arg[args-1] | -> cont
 .thunkcode apply
 	needs_alloc $040
 	thunkto %rsi, $apply_fini, $2, %rbp, %rsi
+	# TODO: this needs to be blackholed here, but we need to copy out all
+	# the args because the blackhole can't hold them
 	enter 020(%rbp)
 
 # fun -> | ret (with args) | cont |
diff --git a/include/data.s b/include/data.s
index 35c4c8d..c3f113f 100644
--- a/include/data.s
+++ b/include/data.s
@@ -67,8 +67,12 @@ IND_code:
 # Blackhole (contains the original thunkptr for debugging purposes)
 # | ptr | orig_thunkptr |
 BLE_evacuate:
+	pushq 010(%rbp)
+	pushq $BLE_code
+	mov %rsp,%rbp
 	jmp _gc_evacuate_ret
 BLE_scavenge:
+	add $020, %rbp
 	jmp _gc_scavenge_ret
 
 BLE_info_table:
diff --git a/include/macros.s b/include/macros.s
index 051f147..81c5002 100644
--- a/include/macros.s
+++ b/include/macros.s
@@ -51,4 +51,10 @@ _macros_s_file:
 	mov %rsp, \reg
 .endm
 
+.macro blackhole
+	mov (%rbp), %rax
+	mov %rax, 010(%rbp)
+	movq $BLE_code, (%rbp)
+.endm
+
 .endif # _macros_s_file
diff --git a/include/primops.s b/include/primops.s
index 117bcca..5f26307 100644
--- a/include/primops.s
+++ b/include/primops.s
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ _primops_s_file:
 	needs_alloc $040
 	# push a thunk for collecting the first arg and set it as continuation
 	thunkto %rsi, $\name\()_fini, $2, %rbp, %rsi
+	blackhole
 	enter 020(%rbp) # evaluate arg1
 
 # arg1 -> | ret | cont |
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@ _primops_s_file:
 	needs_alloc $050
 	# push a thunk for collecting the first arg and set it as continuation
 	thunkto %rsi, $\name\()_step1, $3, 030(%rbp), %rbp, %rsi
+	blackhole
 	enter 020(%rbp) # evaluate arg1
 
 # arg1 -> | arg2 | ret | cont |
diff --git a/zipfib.s b/zipfib.s
index 493a2ae..c92f53f 100644
--- a/zipfib.s
+++ b/zipfib.s
@@ -7,11 +7,10 @@
 .include "include/main_exit.s"
 .include "include/apply.s"
 
-# TODO this seems to fill the memory with plus_fini thunks; find out why.
-
 .thunkcode zipWith
 	needs_alloc $070
 	thunkto %rsi, $zipWith_arg1, $5, 020(%rbp), 030(%rbp), 040(%rbp), %rbp, %rsi
+	blackhole
 	enter 030(%rbp)
 
 .thunkcode zipWith_arg1
@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@
 	mov %r10, 030(%r8)
 	mov %r9, 040(%r8)
 
-	thunkto %r8, $INT_code, $20
+	thunkto %r8, $INT_code, $25
 	thunkto %r8, $list_int_index, $2, %r8, %r10
 	thunkto %r8, $print, $1, %r8
 	thunkto %rsi, $main_exit, $0